Early Diagnosis is Key for Starting Treatment
Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, often progresses silently in its early stages, making awareness of its symptoms crucial. Here, we break down 10 signs of stomach cancer into common and uncommon categories, highlighting what to look for.
Common Signs of Stomach Cancer
1. Persistent Indigestion and Heartburn
One of the earliest and most common symptoms of stomach cancer is persistent indigestion or heartburn. While these issues can result from other benign conditions like acid reflux or gastritis, indigestion caused by stomach cancer does not improve with over-the-counter medications or dietary changes. Patients often describe a feeling of discomfort or burning in the upper abdomen, which may be accompanied by bloating after eating.
2. Unexplained Weight Loss
Losing weight without changes in diet or exercise is a red flag that should not be ignored. In the context of stomach cancer, weight loss typically occurs as the tumor interferes with digestion and nutrient absorption. This symptom is more pronounced as the cancer progresses but can sometimes be noticeable in the early stages.
3. Loss of Appetite
Another common sign is a sustained decrease in appetite. Patients may feel less interested in food or unable to eat as much as usual. Over time, this can lead to malnutrition and weakness. This symptom often appears early in the disease and becomes more severe as the tumor grows.
4. Abdominal Pain or Discomfort
Abdominal pain is a hallmark symptom that occurs in many cases of stomach cancer. The pain can range from mild discomfort to sharp, localized pain in the upper abdomen. This symptom is more likely to appear in the middle to advanced stages, particularly if the tumor begins to press on surrounding organs or tissues.
5. Blood in Stool or Vomit
Bleeding in the digestive tract is a serious symptom of stomach cancer. Blood in the stool may appear dark and tarry, while vomiting may reveal blood that looks like coffee grounds. These signs often indicate middle to late-stage cancer and require immediate medical attention.
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Uncommon Signs of Stomach Cancer
6. Feeling Full Quickly
Known as early satiety, this symptom occurs when a person feels full after consuming only a small amount of food. It is often caused by a tumor reducing the stomach’s capacity or interfering with normal digestion. While not exclusive to stomach cancer, this symptom can signal an issue that warrants further investigation.
7. Difficulty Swallowing
Difficulty swallowing, or dysphagia, is an uncommon sign that may occur if the tumor is located near the upper part of the stomach or has spread to the esophagus. Patients may describe a sensation of food sticking in their throat or chest, which becomes more pronounced as the cancer advances.
8. Fatigue and Weakness
Fatigue, often accompanied by weakness, is an indirect symptom caused by the cancer’s impact on the body. Internal bleeding, poor nutrient absorption or metabolic changes can all contribute to a lack of energy. This symptom can appear at any stage but becomes more significant as the cancer progresses.
9. Swelling or Fluid Buildup in the Abdomen
Ascites, or the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, is a less common but serious sign of advanced stomach cancer. Patients may notice abdominal swelling, tightness and discomfort. Ascites often indicates that the cancer has spread to the peritoneum or other nearby areas.
10. Jaundice
Jaundice, or yellowing of the skin and eyes, is an uncommon symptom of stomach cancer that occurs when the disease has spread to the liver. Patients may also experience dark urine and pale stools. This sign is generally associated with advanced-stage cancer and requires immediate medical evaluation.
